Research Collaborations
Faculty and students in the Center for the Study of Political Psychology enjoy close collaborative relationships and routinely publish their work together. It is our goal to integrate all graduate students affiliated with the center into active mentorship relationships with core and/or affiliated faculty and to explore and develop common intellectual interests.
In the last decade, the most important collaborative projects sponsored by a series of election-year studied aimed at probing the psychological foundations of political preferences in the context of major campaigns in the United States.
To date, we have sponsored and conducted three major election studies. Our first study was conducted during the 2012 presidential election. This was followed up by two additional panel studies, focused on the 2016 presidential election and the 2018 midterm elections. A fourth CSPP election study—focused on the critical 2020 presidential election—was completed in the Political Psychology Proseminar.
Below, you can find information about the various CSPP Election Studies and their findings.
The CSPP 2024 Presidential Election Study was a two-wave panel study of political attitudes during the 2024 Presidential election. The survey interviewed a national sample of American adults. Major topics include policy opinions, news avoidance, trust and efficacy, and anti-democratic attitudes.
The CSPP 2022 Mid-Term Election Multi-Investigator Study involved two three-wave panel studies of political attitudes after the 2022 midterm elections. The two surveys were fielded with two national samples of American adults. Major topics for the first survey include policy opinions, misinformation, and culture. Major topics for the second survey include evaluations of partisan groups and leaders, opinions on critical race theory, and sexism.
CSPP 2022 Mid-Term Election Multi-Investigator Study dataset.
Works using data from the 2022 Mid-Term Election Multi-Investigator Study include:
- Campos, N., Federico, C. M. "A New Measure of Affective Polarization." American Political Science Review, May 15, 2025.
The CSPP 2020 Presidential Election Survey was a three-wave panel study of political attitudes during the 2020 Presidential election. The survey interviewed a national sample of American adults. Major topics include COVD-19, sexism, and identity.
CSPP 2020 Presidential Election Survey dataset.
Works using data from the 2020 CSPP Election Study include:
- Goren, P. "Stronger Issues, Weaker Predispositions." Elements in Political Psychology. New York: Cambridge University Press, December, 2024.
- Trujillo, K. L. "Feeling Out of Place: Who Are the Non-Rural Rural Identifiers, and Are They Unique Politically?" Political Behavior, February 18, 2024.
- Trujillo, K. L. "Beyond the anti-urban sentiment: Rural consciousness and affect toward undocumented immigrants." Political Geography, November, 2024.
The 2018 CSPP Election Study was a two-save study of political attitudes in the midst of the 2018 midterm elections, conducted during fall 2018. Like the 2016 CSPP Election Study, it surveyed a national sample of American adults.
Works using data from the 2018 CSPP Election Study include:
- Bai, H. "When Racism and Sexism Benefit Black and Female Politicians: Politicians' Ideology Moderates Prejudice's Effect More Than Politicians' Demographic Background." Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, June, 2021.
- Parker, C., Federico, C. M., Aguilera, R. "Which motivates independents to get politically involved: Pocketbook issues or fear that Trump is hurting democracy?" The Washington Post, 27 November, 2018.
- Smith, B. A., Kim, H. "Effects of threat sensitivity and issue concern on candidate preference." Journal of Elections, Public Opinion and Parties, September 3, 2024.
The 2016 CSPP Election Study was a four-save panel study conducted between July 2016 and November 2016. The study surveyed a national sample of American adults. The first three waves were collected in July, September, and October of that year prior to the election, and the fourth was collected in November following the election. Like the 2012 CSPP Election Study, the 2016 version measured a wide variety of psychological variables. Major topics included gender, immigration, and attitudes toward the Affordable Care Act, all of which were explored using a series of survey experiments.
Works using data from the 2016 CSPP Election Study include:
- Bai, H., Federico, C. M. "Retrospective Economic Judgments Predict Individual-Level Changes in Vote Preference in the U.S." Journal of Social and Political Psychology, July 22, 2021.
- Federico, C. M., Golec de Zavala, A. "Collective Narcissism and the 2016 U.S. Presidential Vote." Public Opinion Quarterly, February 21, 2018.
- Golec de Zavala, A., Federico, C. M. "Collective narcissism explains at least some of President Trump's support." The Washington Post, March 17, 2017.
- Golec de Zavala, A., Federico, C. M. "Collective narcissism and the growth of conspiracy thinking over the course of the 2016 United States presidential election: A longitudinal analysis." European Journal of Social Psychology, April 18, 2018.
- Goren, P., Motta, M. P., "Values and political judgement: A new approach." At the forefront of political psychology: Essays in honor of John L. Sullivan, February 12, 2020.
- Kidd, W., Vitriol, J. A., "Moral Leadership in the 2016 U.S. Presidential Election." Political Psychology, September 27, 2021.
- Luttig, M. D., Federico, C. M., Lavine, H. "We showed Trump voters photos of black and white Americans. Here's how it affected their views." The Washington Post, October 24, 2016.
- Luttig, M. D., Federico, C. M., Lavine, H. "Supporters and opponents of Donald Trump respond differently to racial cues: An experimental analysis." Research & Politics, November 1, 2017.
- Miller, A. L., Borgida, E. "The temporal dimension of system justification: Gender ideology over the course of the 2016 election." Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, November 9, 2018.
- Motta, M. P. "The Dynamics and Political Implications of Anti-Intellectualism in the United States." American Politics Research, July 11, 2017.
- Smith, B. A. "It's All Under Control: Threat, Perceived Control, and Political Engagement." Political Psychology, June 8, 2021.
- Stewart, B., Edgell, P., Delehanty, J. "Public Religion and Gendered Attitudes." Social Problems, March 25, 2023.
- Vitriol, J. A., Ksiazkiewicz, A., Farhart, C. "Implicit candidate traits in the 2016 US Presidential Election: Replicating a dual-process model of candidate evaluations." Electoral Studies, August, 2018.
- Vitriol, J. A., Tagar, M. R., Federico, C. M., Sawicki, V. "Ideological uncertainty and investment of the self in politics." Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, May, 2019.
The 2012 CSPP Election Study was a three-wave panel study conducted during the fall of 2012. The study contacted adult respondents via Amazon's Mechanical Turk. The first two waves were collected during October 2012 prior to the general election, and the third wave was collected during November after the election. The study was focused on the psychological bases of voter reasoning, judgment, and choice, and it emphasized establishing causality with survey experiments, tracking change over time in response to campaign events, and the measurement of implicit political attitudes.
The study provided data for a number of works, including:
- Chen, P. G., Appleby, J., Borgida, E., Callaghan, T. H., Ekstrom, P., Farhart, C. E., Housholder, E., Kim, H., Ksiazkiewicz, A., Lavine, H., Luttig, M. D., Mohanty, R., Rosenthal, A., Sheagley, G., Smith, B. A., Vitriol, J. A., Williams, A. "The Minnesota Multi-Investigator 2012 Presidential Election Panel Study." Analyses of Social Issues and Public Policy, 2014.
- Chen, P. G., Housholder, E. "Against the (Campaign) Grain: The Cross-Cutting Effects of Authoritarianism in Political Campaigns." Journal of Political Marketing, October 10, 2018.
- Chen, P. G., Mohanty, R. "Obama's Economy: Conditional Racial Spillover Into Evaluations of the Economy." International Journal of Public Opinion Research, September 7, 2017.
- Ekstrom, P. D., Smith, B. A., Williams, A., Kim, H. "Social Network Disagreement and Reasoned Candidate Preferences." American Politics Research, June 28, 2019.
- Ksiazkiewicz, A., Vitriol, J. A., Farhart, C. "Implicit Candidate-Trait Associations in Political Campaigns." International Society of Political Psychology, February, 2018.
- Luttig, M. D., Callaghan, T. H. "Is President Obama's Race Chronically Accessible? Racial Priming in the 2012 Presidential Election." Political Communication, May 2, 2016.
- Luttig, M. D., Lavine, H. "Issue Frames, Personality, and Political Persuasion." American Politics Research, September 3, 2015.
- Sheagley, G., Chen, P. G., Farhart, C. "Racial Resentment, Hurricane Sandy, and the Spillover of Racial Attitudes into Evaluations of Government Organizations." Analyses of Social Issues and Public Policy, February 23, 2017.
- Vitriol, J. A., Tagar, M. R., Federico, C. M., Sawicki, V. "Ideological uncertainty and investment of the self in politics." Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, May, 2019.